Complete Spanish

Track 87

1. The line past has only three irregulars Overview

A very safe tense. Take off the ending, add -aba or -ía, and you can be confident of the result. Only three verbs misbehave.

era, éramos, eran, eras
from ser
iba, íbamos, ibas, iban
from ir
veía, veíamos, veías, veían
from ver

The accent does not move in any of them. Iba blends the two endings, and veía keeps the extra e that veo has in the present.

2. The point past irregulars do three things Rule

The point past is the less reliable tense. There is a group of irregular verbs there, mostly -go verbs but not all, and they all behave alike in three respects.

-e and -o from the -ar group, the rest from -er / -ir

3. The pattern in full Grammar

Once you know the changed base, everything else follows the same shape.

tener → tuv-
tuve, tuvo, tuvimos, tuviste, tuvieron
estar → estuv-
estuve, estuvo, estuvimos
decir → dij-
dije, dijo, dijimos
poder → pud-
pude, pudo, pudieron

Tuve and estuve are worth learning together. Note the accent is on the first syllable throughout, not the ending.

No estuve · ¿Dónde estuviste? · ¿Dónde estuvieron? · Tuve que ir

4. You can sidestep it with the line past Method

A practical concession. In conversation, if you cannot find the irregular form in time, the line past is regular and will get the meaning across.

¿Dónde estuviste?
a precise moment
¿Dónde estabas?
regular, and does the job

Tuve que ir, or the regular tenía que ir

But do not avoid it forever. Anything you are uncertain of and do not take control of will end up controlling you. Use the line past to keep the conversation moving, then come back and check.

5. Recap of the regular point past Grammar

The two hook verbs, for comparison against the irregulars above.

hablé · habló · hablamos · hablaste · hablaron

comí · comió · comimos · comiste · comieron

In the informal you ending you can hear both the s and the t associated with informal you.

6. Find the base, then you know what to do Method

The whole approach to this group in one line: work through one verb properly, and for every other one all you need is the irregular base.

tuv-, estuv-, dij-, pud- and the endings are already known.